LIVING ORGANISM : GRADE 10 (NEW ZEALAND CURRICULUM)

 📘 STUDY MATERIAL FOR GRADE 10 (NEW ZEALAND CURRICULUM)

TOPIC: 🔬 DISTINGUISH BETWEEN ORGANELLE, CELL, TISSUE, ORGAN, ORGAN SYSTEM AND ORGANISM

 Name of the Student : SARAH

🧫 ORGANELLE

Definition:
Organelles are tiny specialised structures found inside cells that carry out specific functions necessary for the cell to survive and function.

Examples:

• Nucleus – controls the cell's activities

• Mitochondria – produces energy

• Ribosomes – make proteins

• Chloroplasts (in plant cells) – carry out photosynthesis

Key Point: Organelles are like the organs inside a single cell.

🔬 CELL

Definition:
The basic structural and functional unit of life. All living things are made up of cells.

Types:

• Prokaryotic Cells – simple cells without a nucleus (e.g., bacteria)

• Eukaryotic Cells – complex cells with a nucleus (e.g., plant and animal cells)

Key Point: A cell contains organelles and is the smallest unit of life.

🧵 TISSUE

Definition:
A group of similar cells that work together to perform a specific function.

Examples:

• Muscle tissue – contracts to produce movement

• Nervous tissue – carries messages around the body

• Xylem tissue (in plants) – transports water

Key Point: Tissues are made of cells with a common function.

🫀 ORGAN

Definition:
A structure made up of different types of tissues that work together to perform a specific function.

Examples:

• Heart – pumps blood

• Lungs – help in breathing

• Leaf (in plants) – performs photosynthesis

Key Point: Organs are made up of tissues, and each organ has a special job in the body or plant.

🧬 ORGAN SYSTEM

Definition:
A group of organs that work together to perform a major life function.

Examples:

• Digestive system – breaks down food

• Respiratory system – helps in breathing

• Circulatory system – transports nutrients and oxygen

Key Point: Organ systems are teams of organs working for a larger function.

🧍 ORGANISM

Definition:
A complete living thing that can carry out all life processes on its own.

Examples:

• Human, Bird, Tree, Bacteria

Key Point: An organism may be made up of one cell (unicellular) or many cells (multicellular).

🧠 SUMMARY TABLE

Level	Made of...	Example
Organelle	Inside the cell	Mitochondria, Nucleus
Cell	Organelles	Muscle cell, Leaf cell
Tissue	Similar cells	Muscle tissue, Xylem
Organ	Different tissues	Heart, Leaf
Organ System	Organs	Respiratory system
Organism	Organ systems (or single cell)	Human, Tree, Amoeba

✅ REMEMBER:
Smallest to Largest → Organelle → Cell → Tissue → Organ → Organ System → Organism