Introduction to Biomolecules | RTU Hojai | Chemistry MD-CHM-2.1

MODULE 1: Basics of Biomolecules

Molecules of Life (MD-CHM-2.1)

B.Sc. Zoology – RTU Hojai University

Comprehensive Study Material

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Introduction to Biomolecules

Living organisms are made up of a large number of chemical substances that perform various structural, physiological, and biochemical functions necessary for life. These chemical substances are known as biomolecules or molecules of life. Biomolecules are organic compounds produced by living organisms and are essential for growth, metabolism, reproduction, energy production, and maintenance of cellular activities. They form the structural and functional basis of all living cells and tissues.

Edunes Online Education

 

MODULE 7: Entrepreneurship in Non-Mulberry Sericulture

B.Sc. Zoology (RTU Hojai University)

Comprehensive Study Material

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Introduction to Entrepreneurship in Non-Mulberry Sericulture

Entrepreneurship in non-mulberry sericulture refers to the establishment and management of silk-related economic activities involving Eri and Muga silkworms for income generation, employment creation, and industrial development. Non-mulberry sericulture is an important agro-based cottage industry in India, especially in Assam and North-East India, where Eri and Muga silk are traditionally produced. This industry combines agriculture, animal rearing, handicrafts, textile production, and trade, thereby providing sustainable livelihood opportunities to rural populations.

MODULE 4: Silkworm Rearing Technology | RTU Hojai | Bsc. Zoology | 2nd Semester

MODULE 4: Silkworm Rearing Technology

B.Sc. Zoology (RTU Hojai University)

Comprehensive Study Material

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Introduction to Silkworm Rearing Technology

Silkworm rearing technology refers to the scientific methods and techniques used for the successful cultivation and management of silkworms for silk production. In non-mulberry sericulture, proper rearing technology is extremely important because the health, growth, cocoon quality, and silk yield of silkworms depend largely on the rearing environment and management practices. Eri and Muga silkworms are highly sensitive to environmental conditions, food quality, hygiene, and diseases. Therefore, scientific rearing methods are essential for obtaining healthy larvae and high-quality silk.

Silkworm rearing involves several activities such as preparation of rearing house, maintenance of environmental conditions, feeding management, cleaning and disinfection, handling of larvae, cocoon formation, and harvesting. Proper rearing technology reduces mortality, prevents diseases, and increases silk productivity.

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Rearing House and Rearing Site

The rearing house is the place where silkworms are kept and reared throughout their larval stages. A good rearing house provides suitable environmental conditions such as proper temperature, humidity, ventilation, and protection from predators and diseases. The success of sericulture depends greatly on the condition and management of the rearing house.

Introduction to Sericulture | RTU | BSc Zoology | Second Sem

 

B.Sc. 2nd Semester (NEP) – Study Modules

PAPER: SERICULTURE (NON-MULBERRY)

Module 1: Introduction to Sericulture

1.1 Meaning and Definition of Sericulture

Sericulture is the scientific method of rearing silkworms for the commercial production of silk. The word sericulture is derived from the Greek word “Sericos” meaning silk and the Latin word “Culture” meaning rearing or cultivation. It is an agro-based cottage industry that combines agriculture and industry because it involves cultivation of host plants as well as processing of silk fibers. Sericulture provides employment opportunities to rural people, especially women and economically weaker sections of society. It is considered an environmentally friendly industry because it produces biodegradable natural fiber.

Silk is one of the oldest and most valuable natural fibers known to humans. It is soft, shiny, strong, elastic, and has excellent dyeing properties. The silk produced by silkworms is mainly composed of a protein called fibroin, which is covered by another protein called sericin.

Electrostatics Unit 3 QCAA | Australian Curriculum

 

Understanding Coulomb's Law

Coulomb's Law is a fundamental principle of physics that describes the force of attraction or repulsion between two stationary, electrically charged particles. Just as gravity governs how masses interact, Coulomb's Law governs how charges interact.

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1. The Core Principle

The law states that the electrical force between two point charges is directly proportional to the product of the magnitudes of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

2. The Mathematical Formula

To calculate the electrostatic force ($F$), we use the following equation:

$$F = k \frac{|q_1 q_2|}{r^2}$$